Solutions Chapter 4. Agriculture - Exercise NCERT | Class 8 Geography - Toppers Study

Solutions Chapter 4. Agriculture - Exercise NCERT | Class 8 Geography - Toppers Study

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Chapter 4. Agriculture

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Q1. Answer the following questions.

(i) What is agriculture?

Answer: Agriculture is the primary activity that involves cultivation of crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers and rearing of livestock.

(ii) Name the factors influencing agriculture?

Answer: Factors influencing agriculture include topography o soil and climate.

(iii) What is shifting cultivation? What are its disadvantages?

Answer: shifting cultivation is the form  of agriculture in which a plot of land is cleared by telling the trees and burning them. The ashes are then mixed with soil and crops are grown. After some time. The land is abandoned and the farmers move to a different place. It is disadvantageous because it involves deforestation and burning of trees. Thus it is not good for environment.

(iv) What is plantation agriculture?

Answer: Plantation agriculture is a type of commercial arming where only a single crop ( like tea coffee sugarcane cashew rubber banana or cotton ) is grown . large amount off labor and  capital are required. The produce is processed in the farm itself or nearby factories.

(v) Name the fiber crops and name the climatic conditions required for their growth.

Answer: Two major fiber crops are jute and cotton. Jute grows well on alluvial soil and requires high temperature, heavy rainfall and humid climate for its growth. Cotton needs high temperature, light rainfall and bright sunshine for its proper growth.

Q2. Tick the correct answer.

(i) Horticulture means

(a) growing of fruits and vegetables

(b) primitive farming

(c) growing of wheat

Answer: (a) growing of fruits and vegetables

(ii) Golden fiber refers to

(a) tea

(b) cotton

(c) jute

Answer: (c) jute                                      

(iii) Leading producers of coffee

(a) Brazil

(b) India

(c) Russia

Answer:  (a) Brazil

Q3. Give reasons.

(i) In India agriculture is a primary activity.

Answer: Agriculture  is an activity of growing crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers and rearing of livestock. It is a primary activity since it directly involves in natural resources. In India, a huge number of people derive  the activity from their ancestors. Due  to lack of literacy in general farmers prefer agriculture since they acquire the required skills from their ancestors, and so feel comfortable with it.

(ii) Different crops are grown in different regions.

Answer: The growing of crops depends on a lot factors. Climate, it many not be possible. To grow a certain crop. So, different crops are grown in different regions,

Q4. Distinguish between the followings.

(i) Primary activates and tertiary activities

Answer:

Primary Activities	Secondary Activities
1. Activities which involve direct extraction and production of natural resources are called primary activities. 2. Examples: agriculture, fishing and gathering.	1. Activities which are concerned with the processing of natural resources are called secondary activities.  2. Example: manufacturing activities in industry, baking bread, biscuits etc.

(ii) Subsistence farming and intensive farming.

Answer:

Subsistence farming	Intensive farming
1. Subsistence Farming users low levels of technology and house hold labour . The output produced is small.	1. In intensive Farming a Farmer users simple tools and more labour to cultivate a small plot of land.

Q5. Activity

(i) Collect seeds of wheat, rice, mower, bare, raga, maize, oilseeds and pulses available in the market. Bring them to the class and find out in which type of soil they grow.

Answer: Types of soil in which the following crops grow:

Wheat	Alluvial soil
Rice	Alluvial clayey
Jowar, bajra ragi	Desert
Maize	Alluvial, Black
Oilseeds	Alluvial, Black
Pulses	Red, Alluvial

(ii) Find out the difference between the life style of farmers in the USA and India on the basis of pictures collected from magazines, books, newspapers and the internet.

Answer: The lifestyle of an Indian farmer is quite Different from that of a farmer in the USA. An Indian farmer does not have much land whereas the average size o a farm in the USA is about 250 hectares. An Indian farmer lives in his house but an American farmer lives in his farm . A farmer in  India applies his own experience, and advice of other farmers and elder in laboratories to assess the nutrients of the soil . An Indian Farmer does not know of any technical advancements whereas a famer in the USA has a computer which is linked to the satellite . in comparison to an Indian  farmer , an American farmer is much more advanced in every aspect.